Vocabulary 5,6

Unit 5

1.Ummayad: it was a family which was assassinated in 750.
2.Caliphate of Damascus: It was the supreme power of Al-Andalus.
3.Caliphate of Cordoba: It was the most brilliant period of Al-Andalus.
4.Al-Andalus: It was a great territory on the Iberian Peninsula.
5.Jews: they played a significant role in the economy.
6.Emirate: a powerful part of al-Andalus
7.Emir: It was the most powerful person of Al-Andalus
8.Walis: they controlled the provinces
9.Visir: they were the ministers
10.Hayib: He was the prime minister
11.Raids:
12.Taifas: they were small kingdoms
13.Parias: the taifas paid that to the Christian kingdoms
14.Almoravids: they went to the Iberian Peninsula to stpo the Christian advance
15.Almohads: they came to power
16.Battle of Navas de Tolosa: the Christian armies defeated the Almohads
17.Nasrid Kingdom: it was the last muslim territory on the Iberian Peninsula
18.Dinar: it was the gold coin which was used by Al-Andalus
19.Dirhem: It was the silver coin which was used by Al-Andalus
20.Arabs: they had the best land, and they were in charge of goverment
21.Berbers: they were more numerous, but had fewer privileges.
22.Muladies: they were former christians who adopted the religion, language and customs of Islam.
23.Mozarabs: they were Christians who continued to practise their religion
24.Medina: it contained the most important buildings
25.Aljama: it was the main mosque
26.Mosque: it was the centre of the city
27.Arrabales: they were workers' districts
28.Alcázar: A fortified area in the highest part of the town. The centre of political life.
29 Souk: Was the market, a place where social and economic life was centred.
30 Alhóndigas: Large warehouses, where the merchants kept their goods.
31 Averroes: Was an Islam philosopher who lived in this period.
32 Maimonides: Was an Islam intellectual,
33 Horseshoe arches: Were the arches used in the Islamic architecture.
34 Plasterwork: Was used to decorate the Islamic buildings.

Unit 6

1.Reconquest: it invilved the occupation of territory fron one valley to another
2.Kingdom of Asturias: It was originated in the mountain ranges of Cantabria
3.Kingdom of León: It was originated in the mountain ranges of Cantabria
4.Aragonese counties: Aragon came under the rule of the kingdom of Navarre
5.Catalan counties: Wilfred the Hairy united them
6.Pelayo: visigoths choosed him as their king
7.Battle of Covadonga: Was produced in 722.The Muslim was defeated by the Christian
8.Alfonso III: He was one king who reigned in the last years of 9th century and early years of the 10th century, when was the greatest expansion just that moment.
9.Fernán González: he divided Castile in a county which was made independent.
10.Spanish March: Lands in the south of Pyrenees between the Muslims and the Carolingian Empire.
11.Carolingian Empire: Empire created by Charlemagne was dissolved in the 9th century. it had the Spanish march in the Pyrenean region.
12.Sancho III the Great: King of Navarre, he became the most powerful Christian king on the Peninsula in the 11th century.
13.Wilfred the Hairy: Was the person who united the Catalan counties, in the 9th century.
14.Beatus: Kind of book that is a famous example of the mozarabic art. It was a manuscript with beautiful paintings
15.Mozarabic art: Was the art witch emerged in the Christian kingdoms in the 10th century.
16.Mudejar art: It Was emerged in the 12th in Sahagún, Leon.
17.Asturian art: Art Developed near of Oviedo between the 8th and 10th centuries.
18.Repopulation: Was produced when the Christians kingdom advance went from the Duero valley until the Granada Kingdom
19 Fueros: Were the privileges given by the kings to the towns.
20 Military orders: Religious order, was a religious army created by the feudal estates to fight to the Muslim advance
21 Mudejars: Where Muslims who remained in Christian territory.
22 Alfonso VI: He conquered Toledo, the Tajo valley and a part of Andalusia.
23 Ferdinand III: Was the person who united Castile and Leon in 1230 and founded the crown of Castile.
24 Cortes: Their function was to approve or reject new taxes.
25 Honourable Council of the Mesta: was creates in 1273 to discuss the problem of the Merino sheep. It was a council of breed sheep and your problems
26 Alfonso I the Battler: Was the first king of Aragon.
27 James I the Conqueror: King of the Crown of Aragon. He took Valencia, Alicante, Murcia and the Balearic islands. 28 Generalitat: An institution which defended the rights of individuals in Catalonia, Aragon, Valencia, ensured that the fueros and decisions of their Cortes were respected.