Colonias griegas y fenicias

Colonies in antiquity were city-states founded from a mother-city, not from a territory-at-large. Bonds between a colony and its metropolis remained close, and took specific forms.
The Phoenicians were the major trading power in the Mediterranean in the early part of the first millennium BC. They established colonies as far west as modern Spain.
In Ancient Greece, colonies were sometimes founded by vanquished peoples, who left their homes to escape subjection at the hand of a foreign enemy; sometimes as a sequel to civil disorders, when the losers in internecine battles left to form a new city elsewhere; sometimes to get rid of surplus population, and thereby to avoid internal convulsions. But in most cases the motivation was to establish and facilitate relations of trade with foreign countries and further the wealth of the mother-city (in Greek, metropolis).
Las ciudades que colonizaron los griegos en la costa mediterranea de España: Hemeroscopeion, Zakinthos y Empororiai.
Las ciudades que colonizaron los fenicios en la costa mediterranea de España: Onuba, Tartessos, Gadir, Kartaia, Malaka, Sexi y Abdera.